XTF Search Results (subject=african american;smode=advanced;f1-subject=United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Participation, African American)

http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 XTF Search Results (subject=african american;smode=advanced;f1-subject=United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Participation, African American) http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/search?subject%3Dafrican%20american;smode%3Dadvanced;f1-subject%3DUnited%20States%20--%20History%20--%20Civil%20War,%201861-1865%20--%20Participation,%20African%20American Results for your query: subject=african american;smode=advanced;f1-subject=United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Participation, African American Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT American Civil War: Memories of incidents connected with the origin and culmination of the rebellion that threatened the existence of the national government:--including reminiscences of the course of the rebel leaders in Congress and in the National Democratic convention which immediately preceded the outburst of rebellion; together with movement in and concerning the Army of the Potomac during the first two years of the war;--including the proposition made in a speech at the Astor House, in New York, in November, 1861, when, in company with Simon Cameron ... General John Cochrane ... first publicly advocated the arming of the slaves in the war for the Union. Cochrane, John, 1813-1898, O'Reilly, Henry, 1806-1886 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Battle of the mine. Bowley, Freeman S. (Freeman Sparks), b. 1846 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Billy Yank and the black folk. Wiley, Bell Irvin, 1906- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The Black Civil War soldiers of Illinois: the story of the Twenty-Ninth U.S. Colored Infantry. Miller, Edward A., 1927- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The black phalanx: a history of the Negro soldiers of the United States in the war of 1775-1812, 1861-'65. Wilson, Joseph Thomas, 1836-1891 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Black Union soldiers in the Civil War. Hargrove, Hondon B., 1916- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Black writers and the American Civil War. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Blue-eyed child of fortune: the Civil War letters of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw. Shaw, Robert Gould, 1837-1863, Duncan, Russell. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Cambridge sketches. Stearns, Frank Preston, 1846-1917 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Campfires of freedom: the camp life of Black soldiers during the Civil War. Wilson, Keith P., 1944- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT A colored brigade in the campaign and battle of Nashville. Freeman, Henry V. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The colored troops. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The complete Civil War journal and selected letters of Thomas Wentworth Higginson. Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 1823-1911, Looby, Christopher. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The diary of James T. Ayers: Civil War recruiter. Ayers, James T., 1805-1865, Franklin, John Hope, 1915-, Illinois State Historical Society, Illinois State Historical Society http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Eagles on their buttons: a Black infantry regiment in the Civil War. Washington, Versalle F., 1962- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT First organization of colored troops in the State of New York, to aid in suppressing the slave-holders' rebellion: statements concerning the origin, difficulties and success of the movement, including official documents, military testimonials, proceedings of the "Union League Club," etc. New York Association for Colored Volunteers, O'Reilly, Henry, 1806-1886, Union League Club (New York, N.Y.) http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Free military school for applicants for commands of colored troops: no. 1210 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Established by Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments, John H. Taggart, late colonel 12th Regiment Pennsylvania Reserves, preceptor. Webster, Thomas., Philadelphia Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Troops http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Free military school for applicants for commands of colored troops, no. 1210 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia: established by the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments, chief preceptor, John H. Taggart, late colonel 12th Regiment Pennsylvania Reserves. Philadelphia (Pa.) Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The freedmen of Louisiana: Final report of the Bureau of Free Labor, Department of the Gulf, to Major General E. R. S. Canby, commanding. United States Army. Dept. of the Gulf. Bureau of Free Labor., Conway, Thomas W. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Freedom's soldiers: the Black military experience in the Civil War. Berlin, Ira, 1941-, Reidy, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick), 1948-, Rowland, Leslie S. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT General orders. No. 252. United States Adjutant-General's Office., Townsend, E. D. (Edward Davis), 1817-1893, United States President (1861-1865 : Lincoln), United States War Dept. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT General Washington and General Jackson, on negro soldiers. Baird, Henry Carey, 1825-1912 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Guide to tracing your African Ameripean Civil War ancestor. Braxton-Secret, Jeanette. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Historical notes on the employment of Negroes in the American Army of the Revolution. Moore, George Henry, 1823-1892, Joseph Meredith Toner Collection (Library of Congress), Daniel Murray Pamphlet Collection (Library of Congress), Marian S. Carson Collection (Library of Congress) http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT History of Shelby County, Indiana: from the earliest time to the present, with biographical sketches, notes, etc., together with a short history of the Northwest, the Indiana Territory, and the State of Indiana. Brant & Fuller http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Honey Hill. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Kansas in the sixties. Crawford, S. J. (Samuel Johnson), 1835-1913 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Life and public services of Martin R. Delaney: sub-assistant commissioner, Bureau relief of refugees, freedmen, and of abandoned lands, and the late major 104th U. S. colored troops. Rollin, Frank A. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Like men of war: Black troops in the Civil War, 1862-1865. Trudeau, Noah Andre, 1949- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Martin R. Delany: the beginnings of black nationalism. Ullman, Victor. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Monterey, Mich., Jan. 1, 1886: [Letter concerning Gen. Herman Lieb and the battle of Milliken's Bend]. Cornwell, David. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT My service in the U.S. colored cavalry: a paper read before the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion, March 4, 1908. Browne, Frederick W., Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States Ohio Commandery. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The nation's sin and punishment: or, The hand of God visible in the overthrow of slavery. Hodgman, Stephen Alexander, 1808-1887 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The nation's success and gratitude: the substance of a discourse delivered in Danville, Ky., on the 26th of November, 1863, the day of national thanksgiving and prayer. Breckinridge, Robert J. (Robert Jefferson), 1800-1871, Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Negro Americans in the Civil War; from slavery to citizenship. Wesley, Charles H. (Charles Harris), 1891-1987, Romero, Patricia W. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The Negro as a soldier. Furness, William Eliot, 1839-1913 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The Negro as a soldier. Fleetwood, Christian A. (Christian Abraham), 1840-1914, Cook, Geo. Wm. (George William), Atlanta Cotton states and international exposition,1895. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The Negro as a soldier in the war of the rebellion: Read before the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, January 5, 1892. Hallowell, Norwood Penrose, 1839-1914 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The Negro in the American rebellion: his heroism and his fidelity. Brown, William Wells, 1815-1884 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT New Jersey for the Union: speech of Hon. James M. Scovel, Senator from Camden, upon the bill prohibiting the enlistment of Negro troops in New Jersey, under a penalty of $500, or imprisonment for five years, deliveredMarch 16, 1864. Scovel, James M., African American Pamphlet Collection (Library of Congress), YA Pamphlet Collection (Library of Congress) http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Notes on colored troops and military colonies on Southern soil. Brague, Stephen B. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Ohio Negroes in the Civil War. Wesley, Charles H. (Charles Harris), 1891-1987 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT On the altar of freedom: a black soldier's Civil War letters from the front. Gooding, James Henry, 1837-1864, Adams, Virginia M. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Opinion of Attorney General on bounty to colored soldiers. United States Attorney-General., Speed, James, 1812-1887 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Our last campaign. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Paper of Cyrus Sears: late lieut. col. of the 49th U.S. Colored Infantry vols. of African descent--originally 11th La. Vol. Infantry--A.D. of Harpster, Ohio. Sears, Cyrus., Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States Ohio Commandery. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Perry Decatur Covington Diary, 1864-1866. Covington, Perry Decatur, 1842-1916 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Policy of employing Negro troops: speech of H.C. Chambers, of Mississippi, in the House of Representatives of the Congress of the Confederate States, Thursday, November 10, 1864. Chambers, Henry Cousins, 1823- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Remarks of Mr. Hutchins, of Ohio, & Mr. Kelley, of Pa., in the House of Representatives, January 29, 1863, on the bill to organize regiments of persons of African descent. Hutchins, John, 1812-1891, Kelley, William D. (William Darrah), 1814-1890 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Report of the Committee on volunteering. Union League Club (New York, N.Y.), Colyer, Vincent, 1825-1888 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Report of the services rendered by the freed people to the United States Army: in North Carolina, in the spring of 1862, after the battle of Newbern. Colyer, Vincent, 1825-1888 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Report of the Supervisory committee for recruiting colored regiments. Philadelphia Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT The sable arm: Black troops in the Union Army, 1861-1865. Cornish, Dudley Taylor. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Souvenir of the Massachusetts Fifty-fourth (colored) Regiment. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Speech of Hon. Albert G. Riddle, of Ohio: on the military academy bill, delivered in the House of Representatives, January 27, 1862. Riddle, A. G. (Albert Gallatin), 1816-1902 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Speech of Hon. J.F. Wilson, of Iowa to raise additional soldiers: delivered in the House of Representatives, February 2, 1863. Wilson, James F. (James Falconer), 1828-1895 http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Strike the blow for freedom: the 6th United States Colored Infantry in the Civil War. Paradis, James M., 1949- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Thank God my regiment an African one: the Civil War diary of Colonel Nathan W. Daniels. Daniels, Nathan W., 1832-1867, Weaver, C. P., 1939- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Thomas Morris Chester, Black Civil War correspondent: his dispatches from the Virginia front. Chester, Thomas Morris., Blackett, R. J. M., 1943- http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT United States Colored troops, 1863-1867. Gladstone, William A. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT A voice of thunder: the Civil War letters of George E. Stephens. Stephens, George E., Yacovone, Donald. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT Washington and Jackson on Negro soldiers: Gen. Banks on the bravery of Negro troops, poem, the second Louisiana. Baird, Henry Carey, 1825-1912, YA Pamphlet Collection (Library of Congress) http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT With colored troops in the Army of the Cumberland. Romeyn, Henry, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States Commandery of the District of Columbia. http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc http://norton.wrhs.org/collections/view?docId=marc/skclmarc202890322046876.mrc Thu, 01 Jan 1970 12:00:00 GMT